Как после пандемии изменятся общественные пространства и наша жизнь в городе

T

Впервые за десятилетия самые посещаемые места мира остались практически без людей — оценить их фасады теперь можно буквально в первозданном виде. Как изменится архитектура общественных пространств после окончания периода самоизоляции? Об основных трендах рассказывает партнер архитектурного бюро Blank Architects Магда Кмита.

Как после пандемии изменятся общественные пространства и наша жизнь в городе (фото 1)

Магда Кмита

партнер архитектурного бюро Blank Architects

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Экология

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Тоже считаете, что тренд на все экологичное станет еще более актуальным? Конечно, да. Во-первых, многие натуральные материалы являются природными антисептиками (например, медь и серебро).
Во-вторых, в переломные моменты жизни в людях проявляется осознанность, и она, несомненно, получит воплощение в архитектуре и дизайне. И, в-третьих, сейчас все усилия архитекторов будут направлены на создание здорового пространства из здоровых материалов, в котором человек будет чувствовать себя в безопасности.

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Здоровье

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Какое пространство можно считать безопасным? На самом деле, пандемия существенно изменила ответ на этот вопрос. Открытые планировки с естественной инсоляцией и грамотной вентиляцией, позволяющей очищать воздух, станут жизненно необходимыми. На помощь архитекторам могут прийти технологии: автоматически открывающиеся и закрывающиеся двери, голосовое управление в лифте, заселение в гостиницу при помощи мобильного телефона, полностью автоматизированная регистрация на рейс.

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Ритейл

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Вопрос, который сейчас волнует многих: перейдут ли модные бренды полностью в онлайн, останутся в ТЦ или сократят свое присутствие до нескольких шоурумов? Безусловно, архитектурный облик существующих торговых центров может сильно измениться. Однако такие легендарные бутики, как Louis Vuitton на Елисейских полях или Tiffany на Манхэттене, не утратят своей привлекательности. Тем более все они введут дополнительные меры вроде бесконтактных примерочных, лимитированного доступа, разметки в полтора метра, которая показывает безопасное расстояние и ограничивает контакты.

Технологии шопинга

Если можно попросить Siri позвонить маме, то стоит использовать голосовое управление и другие технологии в общественных пространствах. Архитектура должна быть не только открытой, но и требовать минимального контакта пользователя для перемещения в пространстве. Автоматически открывающиеся и закрывающиеся двери с голосовым управлением, ресепшен без людей и полностью автоматизированная регистрация на рейс — по всей вероятности, это будет вводиться в ближайшем будущем. В местах массового скопления людей появятся санитайзеры и особые системы вентиляции, очищающие и обеззараживающие воздух.

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Меньше значит больше

Известный принцип великого архитектора Людвига Мис ван дер Роэ, обозначивший самое влиятельное направление в архитектуре XX века, станет актуальным и после окончания пандемии. Гостиницы станут камернее. В парках появятся изолированные пространства, в которых можно будет уединиться. Отделочные материалы станут проще и демократичнее. Будут стремительнее развиваться общественные пространства на окраинах городов, чтобы разгрузить центр.

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Город в городе

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Последний тренд связан с развитием гибридных форматов общественных пространств. Это такой микс из жилья, парков, музеев, библиотек, стрит-ритейла и коворкингов. Находясь на самоизоляции, человек понял, как важна та инфраструктура, которая располагается прямо у него в доме. Особенно стремительно этот тренд будет набирать обороты в мегаполисах. Уже сейчас мы видим его популярность на примерах нью-йоркского Хайлайна, Linked Hybrid в Пекине или Interlace в Сингапуре. В Москве похожие проекты реализуются в «Красной стреле», «Хлебозаводе № 9» и «Большевике».

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